Prevalence of Insomnia Symptoms in Older Chinese Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected the sleep health of older adults, but the limited number of studies on insomnia symptoms of older Chinese adults differed in terms of screener of insomnia, sample size, and prevalence, making mental health planning for this population difficult. This meta-analysis estimated the prevalence of insomnia symptoms in older Chinese adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Both Chinese (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP) and English (PubMed, EmBase, PsycInfo) databases were systematically searched to identify cross-sectional studies containing data on the prevalence of insomnia symptoms in older Chinese adults during the pandemic. Risk of bias (RoB) of included studies was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Results: Nine studies with a total of 27,207 older Chinese adults were included. RoB scores of these studies ranged between zero and six. The pooled prevalence rates of insomnia symptoms and moderate and severe insomnia symptoms were 24.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 19.5-30.5%] and 11.1% (95% CI: 7.2-16.9%), respectively. In subgroup analysis, significantly higher prevalence rates were observed in studies defining insomnia symptoms as "Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) ≥ 8" than in those defining them as "ISI ≥ 15" (32.6 vs. 15.6%, P < 0.001) and in older adults living in the COVID-19 epicenter than in those living in other places (35.2 vs. 23.3%, P = 0.006). Conclusion: Nearly one out of every four older Chinese adults suffered from insomnia symptoms during the pandemic. Mental health services for this population during the pandemic should include supportive activities aimed at improving mental well-being, periodic assessment of insomnia symptoms, and psychiatric assessment and treatment when necessary.

[Construction of Continuous Dynamic Model for River Networks and Its Application in Simulation of Spatiotemporal Migration of Typical Biocides].

Biocides are widely added to personal care products and enter the environment through sewage treatment plant (STP) discharge, which affects ecological health. This paper evaluated the pollution characteristics of triclosan and triclocarban in a river network during the COVID-19 epidemic. Moreover, a continuous dynamic river network model coupling a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model and four-level fugacity model was established to address the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of pollutants in the river network migration process; then, this model was applied to evaluate two biocides in the Shima River Basin. The model passed calibration and in-field concentration verification tests and yielded satisfactory simulation results. The results of the study showed that the concentration of biocides in the river network during the new crown epidemic was twice that of the non-epidemic period. The concentration of triclosan and triclocarban in the river channel first increased and then decreased with the increase of the river migration distance after STP discharge. The time variation characteristics of the concentrations were affected by the river flow. The biocide concentration in the river network of the low flow upstream area first increased and then decreased, gradually stabilizing in about 20 h. The pollution concentration in the high flow downstream area was increased, and the concentration did not stabilize at 24 h. These results indicate the necessity of evaluating the temporal and spatial characteristics of migration of typical biocides in the river network by stages and time on the premise of distinguishing the flow.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey.

Unprecedented measures have been adopted to control the rapid spread of the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in China. People's adherence to control measures is affected by their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19. In this study, we investigated Chinese residents' KAP towards COVID-19 during the rapid rise period of the outbreak. An online sample of Chinese residents was successfully recruited via the authors' networks with residents and popular media in Hubei, China. A self-developed online KAP questionnaire was completed by the participants. The knowledge questionnaire consisted of 12 questions regarding the clinical characteristics and prevention of COVID-19. Assessments on residents' attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 included questions on confidence in winning the battle against COVID-19 and wearing masks when going out in recent days. Among the survey completers (n=6910), 65.7% were women, 63.5% held a bachelor degree or above, and 56.2% engaged in mental labor. The overall correct rate of the knowledge questionnaire was 90%. The majority of the respondents (97.1%) had confidence that China can win the battle against COVID-19. Nearly all of the participants (98.0%) wore masks when going out in recent days. In multiple logistic regression analyses, the COVID-19 knowledge score (OR: 0.75-0.90, P<0.001) was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of negative attitudes and preventive practices towards COVID-2019. Most Chinese residents of a relatively high socioeconomic status, in particular women, are knowledgeable about COVID-19, hold optimistic attitudes, and have appropriate practices towards COVID-19. Health education programs aimed at improving COVID-19 knowledge are helpful for Chinese residents to hold optimistic attitudes and maintain appropriate practices. Due to the limited sample representativeness, we must be cautious when generalizing these findings to populations of a low socioeconomic status.